Baker's cyst
A Baker's cyst is a fluid-filled swelling behind the knee. It often develops because another problem inside the knee is causing extra fluid, so treatment focuses on both the cyst and its underlying cause.
What causes a Baker's cyst?
A Baker's cyst can form when the knee produces more joint fluid than usual. Possible causes include osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, a sports injury or blow to the knee, damage to another structure within the joint. It is more common in adults over 40, but it can affect people of any age.
What are the symptoms?
- a lump or feeling of fullness behind the knee
- pain or tightness, which may be worse when bending or straightening the leg
- swelling around the back of the knee
- reduced movement
Rarely, a cyst can rupture and cause pain and swelling in the calf. Sudden calf pain or swelling should be assessed promptly because other conditions, including a blood clot, can cause similar symptoms.
How is it diagnosed?
Your specialist will examine the knee and discuss your symptoms. An ultrasound or MRI scan may be recommended to confirm the cyst and look for the problem that has caused it.
How is it treated?
Some Baker's cysts improve when the underlying knee condition is treated. The right approach will depend on your symptoms and the cause.
Treatment routes for Baker's cyst
Your treatment may include rest, temporary activity changes, compression, physiotherapy and medication to manage pain or inflammation if it is suitable for you. Cold therapy may help with swelling; always wrap ice in a towel rather than applying it directly to your skin.
Working with professionals and teams
Our consultants support professional athletes, sports teams, active individuals and people whose work places repeated demands on their knees. Working closely with physiotherapists, strength and conditioning specialists and the wider multidisciplinary team, they develop personalised treatment plans that support a safe return to sport, work and everyday activities.
The same specialist expertise and collaborative approach are available to every patient, whatever your activity level or recovery goals.
Our Experts - Leaders in Knee Treatments
Dedicated to restoring your mobility through advanced surgical care, tailored rehabilitation programmes, and compassionate, evidence-based patient support.
How to pay
We offer flexible options depending on how you choose to access care at Fortius. Whichever option you choose, we’ll help make the process clear and straightforward from the start.
Private medical insurance
If your care is covered by private medical insurance, we’ll usually invoice your insurer directly. Please check your policy in advance and request an authorisation code if your insurer requires one. You’ll be responsible for paying any policy excess or costs that aren’t covered by your insurance.
Paying for yourself
You don’t need private medical insurance to access care at Fortius. If you’re paying for your own treatment, our team will explain the costs clearly and provide a personalised quote before you decide whether to go ahead.